A） a new way of highway speed control
B） a new pattern for painting highways
C） a new approach to training drivers
D） a new type of optical illusion
【题目译文】文章主要讨论了 。
【答案解析】A。文章以日本和美国在高速公路上喷涂不同图案的条带为例，阐述了利用视觉错觉可以减缓高速公路上的车速，并减少交通事故的发生。
Exercise 3
Amtrak（美国铁路客运公司）was experiencing a down…slowing in ridership（客运量）along the lines comprising its rail system。 Of major concern to Amtrak and its advertising agency DDB Needham； were the long…distance western routes where ridership had been declining significantly。
At one time； trains were the only practical way to cross the vast areas of the west。 Trains were fast； very luxurious； and quite convenient compared to other forms of transportation existing at the time。 However； times change and the automobile became America’s standard of convenience。 Also； air travel had easily established itself as the fastest method of travelling great distances。 Therefore； the task for DDB Needham was to encourage consumers to consider other aspects of train travel in order to change their attitudes and increase the likelihood that trains would be considered for travel in the west。
Two portions of the total market were targeted： 1） anxious fliers—those concerned with safety； relaxation； and cleanliness and 2） travel…lovers—those viewing themselves as relaxed； casual； and interested in the travel experience as part of their vacation。 The agency then developed a campaign that focused on travel experiences such as freedom； escape； relaxation； and enjoyment of the great western outdoors。 It stressed experiences gained by using the trains and portrayed western train trips as wonderful adventures。
Advertisements showed pictures of the beautiful scenery that could be enjoyed along some of the more famous western routes and emphasized the romantic names of some of these trains （Empire Builder； etc。）。 These ads were strategically placed among family…oriented TV shows and programs involving nature and America in order to most effectively reach target audiences。 Results were impressive。 The Empire Builder； which was focused on in one ad； enjoyed a 15 percent increase in profits on its Chicago to Seattle route。
Q： What’s the author’s purpose in writing this passage？
A） To show the inability of trains to compete with planes with respect to speed and convenience。
B） To stress the influence of the automobile on America’s standard of convenience。
C） To emphasize the function of travel agencies in market promotion。
D） To illustrate the important role of persuasive communication in changing consumer attitudes。
【题目译文】作者写该篇文章的目的是什么？
【答案解析】D。本文首先分析了美国铁路客运公司客运量下降的原因，然后以该公司通过广告来吸引消费者，提高客运量为例，说明了广告在传递信息，引导并改变消费者的消费观念上的重要作用。
Exercise 4
Priscilla Ouchida’s “energy…efficient” house turned out to be a horrible dream。 When she and her engineer husband married a few years ago； they built a 100；000； three…bedroom home in California。 Tightly sealed to prevent air leaks； the house was equipped with small double…paned（双层玻璃的）windows and several other energy…saving features。 Problems began as soon as the couple moved in； however。 Priscilla’s eyes burned。 Her throat was constantly dry。 She suffered from headaches and could hardly sleep。 It was as though she had suddenly developed a strange illness。
Experts finally traced the cause of her illness。 The level of formaldehyde（甲醛）gas in her kitchen was twice the maximum allowed by federal standards for chemical workers。 The source of the gas？ Her new kitchen cabinets and wall…to…wall carpeting。
The Ouchidas are victims of indoor air pollution； which is not given sufficient attention partly because of the nation’s drive to save energy。 The problem itself isn’t new。 “The indoor environment was dirty long before energy conservation came along；” says Moschandreas； a pollution scientist at Geomet Technologies in Maryland。 “Energy conservation has tended to acomentuate the situation in some cases。”
The problem appears to be more troublesome in newly constructed homes rather than old ones。 Back in the days when energy was cheap； home builders didn’t worry much about unsealed cracks。 Because of such leaks； the air in an average home was replaced by fresh outdoor air about once an hour。 As a result； the pollutants generated in most households seldom built up to dangerous levels。
Q： This passage is most probably taken from an article entitled “ ”。
A） Energy Conservation
B） House Building Crisis
C） Air Pollution Indoors
D） Traps in Building Construction
【题目译文】这段文章最可能从《 》文章中选取出来？
【答案解析】C。本文主旨讲的是室内空气污染的危害原因及来历，所以C）最符合题目的要求。
unit 1 总论Day 3 题型及应对策略二（推论题）
题型及应对策略二（推论题）
这类问题的难度相对较大，需要我们不仅读懂字面含义，而且理解其字里行间的隐含意思。
一般题目形式为：
The author seems to be in favor of/against。。。
We can infer/assume that。。。
It can be concluded from the passage that。。。
The passage suggests that。。。
The author of the passage would most likely imply。。。
It can be learned that。。。
请读下面的文章，做出推论题。
Exercise 1
The biggest safety threat facing airlines today may not be a terrorist with a gun； but the man with the portable computer in business class。 In the last 15 years； pilots have reported well over 100 incidents that could have been caused by electromagnetic interference。 The source of this interference remains unconfirmed； but increasingly； experts are pointing the blame at portable electronic devices such as portable computers； radio and cassette players and mobile telephones。
RTCA； an organization which advises the aviation（航空）industry； has recommended that all airlines ban（禁止）such devices from being used during “critical” stages of flight； particularly take…off and landing。 Some experts have gone further； calling for a total ban during all flights。 Currently； rules on using these devices are left up to individual airlines。 And although some airlines prohibit passengers from using such equipment during take…off and landing； most are reluctant to enforce a total ban； given that many passengers want to work during flights。
The difficulty is predicting how electromagnetic fields might affect an aircraft’s computers。 Experts know that portable devices emit radiation which affects those wavelengths which aircraft use for navigation and communication。 But； because they have not been able to reproduce these effects in a laboratory； they have no way of knowing whether the interference might